frank hamer called pancho

He was shipped serial number 10045; at least two Model 8s were used in the ambush. Learn more about managing a memorial . Sixty bandoleer-draped riders, armed with Mauser rifles, were closing fast. The rebels loaded their wounded onto horses and rode off in the blackness, shouting, Gringos cabrones! Portus Gay later said that they had wounded half the raiders, some of whom had to be tied to their saddles. Outside the bank stood two glowering groups of armed men. Frank Hamer (far right) and three other members of the posse who ambushed and killed Clyde Barrow and Bonnie Parker. Simmons persuaded Hamer to hunt down the Barrow Gang. Perhaps the biggest change that The Highwaymen makes to the real story of Bonnie and Clyde is playing up Bonnie Parker's role as a femme fatale - not only firing a machine gun into the trees to cover the prison break, but also stalking over to downed patrolmen and turning them over so that they could see their deaths coming as she shot them in the face. Renowned for his toughness, marksmanship, and investigative skill, he acquired status in the Southwest as the archetypal Texas Ranger. He has appeared frequently as a historical commentator on PBS, The History Channel, A&E, and other networks. Frank and Maney would remain close friends up until the time of Gault's death. Hamer headed a force of 20 ex-Rangers and sheriffs to prevent sabotage and looting. San Saba County. Following Ma Ferguson's re-election in 1932, 40 Texas Rangers quit in protest of political corruption and the rest were fired; the Rangers would remain disbanded until 1935, when they were incorporated into theTexas Department of Public Safety, and it was during this period of dormancy that The Highwaymen takes place. Steele, Phillip W. and Marie Barrow Scoma (2000). If you change your mind, you can easily unsubscribe. In 1948 he again was called to duty as a ranger by Governor Coke Stevenson to accompany him and help check the election returns in Jim Wells and Duval County in the controversial United States Senate race. They were invited into the ranch house to eat supper. They fled into the dense chaparral with posses and U.S. troops in pursuit. why was frank hamer called pancho. Alcorn had picked up 16 year-old Clyde in West Dallas for stealing chickens, though he did not arrest him. He discovered that on that very morning fifteen sediciosos, led by Luis de la Rosa, had attacked the little settlement of Sebastian, forty miles north of Brownsville. But February 20 came and went without any uprising, and for the next several months Anglos in the Rio Grande Valley breathed easy. Francis Augustus Hamer, usually called Frank or nicknamed "Pancho," was born on March 17, 1884 in Fairview, Texas. After the car was towed back to Arcadia, thousands of people descended on the town, hoping for a look at the car and the bodies. Remove advertising from a memorial by sponsoring it for just $5. Territory lost in the Mexican WarTexas, New Mexico, Arizona, Colorado, and Californiawould be freed and annexed to Mexico. He was eventually killed in a shootout by American Frank Hamer, a Texas Ranger. Yet his story is not lost. Please enter your email address and we will send you an email with a reset password code. You can customize the cemeteries you volunteer for by selecting or deselecting below. President Woodrow Wilson refused to extend official recognition to any of them. In early July a band of rebels, or sediciosos (seditionists), led by Luis de la Rosa, appeared wraithlike from the rugged brush country north of Brownsville. His revelation about the racket resulted in public outrage, an investigation, and indictments. "I'M FRANK HAMER": THE LIFE OF A TEXAS PEACE OFFICER. In accordance with the jingoistic ethos of that era, the Rangers posed proudly. H. Gordon Frost and John H. Jenkins, "I'm Frank Hamer": The Life of a Texas Peace Officer (Austin: Pemberton Press, 1968). During the late 1930s Hamer worked for various oil companies and shippers as a private agent preventing strikes and breaking up mobs. Extremely modest and humble, Frank Hamer left behind but scant correspondence and no diaries or journals. But the police refused him support and the Bankers' Association's position was that "any man that could be induced to participate in a bank robbery ought to be killed." Part I of a sequel about the lawman who cleaned up Navasota, Texas,. 1.frank hamer called pancho - Pmitsupport. Francis A. Hamer, Texas Ranger, son of Frank and Lou Emma (Francis) Hamer, was born in Fairview, Texas, on March 17, 1884. Extremely modest and humble, Frank Hamer left behind but scant correspondence and no diaries or journals. Hamer has been described by biographer John Boessenecker as "one of the greatest American lawmen of the twentieth century".[2]. Your new password must contain one or more uppercase and lowercase letters, and one or more numbers or special characters. chancellor's list nova southeastern university Opens in a new window; tassajara poppy seed cake recipe Opens in a new window; bufflehead farm middletown nj address Opens in a new window Learn about how to make the most of a memorial. Try again later. One of Fergusons first acts was his refusal to reappoint Ranger Captain John R. Hughes, the legendary Border Boss, and the last of the Four Great Captains. Although Fergusons stated reason was Hughess age sixtyin fact he intended to pack the Rangers with political supporters. By FBI. On July 4, 1915, his riders attacked a ranch near Raymondville, fifty miles north of Brownsville, then reportedly killed two Anglos near Lyford. The battle raged for more than two hours. Its most populated region was the rivers lower reach, the Rio Grande Valley, extending inland one hundred miles from its mouth near Brownsville. He could also kick butt, literally, on more than one occasion. Cause of death: Congestive heart failure. The defenders, afraid of hitting railroad hands in the section house, did not fire at it. On the way, he picked up Deputy Sheriff Gordon Hill and two customs inspectors who were former Rangers, Pinkie Taylor and Marcus Tiny Hines, plus two civilian volunteers, Sam Robertson and a youth named Vinson. As rebels on foot and horseback fired on the defenders from two sides, the raiders in the section house rained bullets on the soldiers. [45] He was buried near his son Billy in Memorial Park Cemetery in Austin. Moreover, Gault himself was not actually present during this incident. Hinton remembered Bonnie from the Dallas caf where she had waited tables four years before. Thousands attended the funerals of Bonnie and Clyde, with as many as 20,000 estimated onlookers at Bonnie's. Tiny Hines remarked, There come the Rangers back. But Portus Gay, squinting into the bright evening light, saw Mexican sombreros and exclaimed, Look at those big hats and that white flag. 1. The rebels charged for- ward as one band circled to the south to try to flank the defenders. Hamer would want is long time friend Maney Gault to assist him in this challenging task. Seeking excitement, he decided to head for Norias himself, and at 3:30 boarded the northbound passenger train. Add to your scrapbook. Bursting inside, he was stopped cold by a horrendous sight. The Highwaymen opens with a major event from towards the end of Clyde Barrow and Bonnie Parker's crime spree: a planned jailbreak of several criminal associates from Eastham prisoner farm, where Clyde himself had once been an inmate. 1 Thursday, October 4, 1917", "How 'The Highwaymen' whitewashes Frank Hamer and the Texas Rangers", "The Official Texas Ranger Hall of Fame and Museum - Waco, Texas". Frank Hamer and the Texas Bandit War of 1915, TEXAS RANGER: The Epic Life of Frank Hamer, the Man Who Killed Bonnie and Clyde. He retired from the Rangers in 1932, but retained a special Ranger commission.In 1934, he was hired as a Special Investigator for the Texas prison system to track down gangsters Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow. He was once again patrolling the south Texas border from the Big Bend to Brownsville. Although his formal education ended after the sixth grade, as a youth he displayed several unusual abilities, including an extremely high level of intelligence and a near eidetic memory. He despised criminals and had even less love for corrupt politicians. Frank Hamer has been listed as a level-5 vital article in People, . , although it is possible he did not realize that said incident was reported in an alleged eyewitness report, rather than an official statement of her crimes. Actors Woody Harrelson, Kevin Costner and Thomas Mann star in a scene from "The Highwaymen." (Merrick Morton/Netflix via AP) Gift Article. The detail that she dragged her left heel after badly burning her leg in a car accident is based on real life, as is the bunny rabbit (called Sonny Boy) thatBonniemanaged to successfully gift to her mother,despite being intensely pursued by the law in the final months of her life. Try again later. John H. Jenkins, Captain Hamer was also a competent hill country fiddler, and the two spent many a night playing cards or dominoes, blue grass music, and sharing terse, wry, Texas-style stories. Are you sure that you want to delete this photo? [14] The bankers did not modify the terms of the reward, however, and more bounty murders took place in 1930. The two families became close, and Hamer did indeed specifically choose Gault to be his partner after being approached for the Bonnie and Clyde job. "[18] The commander of the Texas Rangers allowed him to retain a Special Ranger commission as an active Senior Ranger Captain even after his official retirement. . However, the mob set fire to the courthouse. He is the award-winning author of eight books, including Bandido: The Life and Times of Tiburcio Vasquez and When Law Was in the Holster: The Frontier Life of Bob Paul. In 1905 Hamer was a cowboy on the Carr Ranch, between Sheffield and Fort Stockton, where, after capturing a horse thief, he was recommended by Sheriff D. S. Barker for a position with the Texas Rangers. Hamer, whom Gault called "Pancho," was a casual and careful sipper while Maney "enjoyed his whiskey" and both were known to "cuss up a storm," much to . Fairview, TX 3. [35][notes 4] The posse fired off another 100-plus rounds, any number of which would have been fatal to Parker and also to Barrow. Post date: 29 yesterday. Never was a group of Mexicans so happy to see a Texas Ranger. You can follow her on Twitter @HSW3K, The Dirt True Story: What the Mtley Cre Netflix Movie Changed, Everything We Know About Martin Scorsese's Netflix Movie The Irishman, Read Screen Rant's Review of The Highwaymen. In 1971 they were awarded a settlement out of court. The insurgents had done their deadly work. They opened fire, and he shot back, killing one raider and wounding another. His service was brief but eventful while stationed in El Paso, the scene of countless gunfights during the Prohibition era. In a bloody coup led by General Victoriano Huerta, Madero was assassinated. A large mob approached the courthouse, and Hamer personally shot and wounded two of the mob's members. Image is in the public domain via Wikimedia.com. [37] The rifle was modified to accept a "police only" 20-round magazine obtained through the Peace Officers Equipment Company in St. Joseph, Missouri. Hutchings sent a telegram to Captain Fox in Marfa and ordered him to bring his entire company to Brownsville. During the next ten years, the country would see no less than ten presidents. You may request to transfer up to 250,000 memorials managed by Find a Grave. [32][notes 2] The two deputies and Schmid had tried to ambush Bonnie and Clyde in late November 1933 near Sowers, Texas. [40][41] He was also active the following year during the 1936 Gulf Coast maritime workers' strike. But Texas lawmen took the Plan of San Diego very seriously, as did many impoverished, disaffected Hispanics in the Rio Grande Valley. On August 2, 1915, a band of fifty Mexican riders was spotted crossing the Rio Grande near Brownsville. Runyon also took several photographs of Captain Fox, Tom Tate, and other lawmen with their lariats tied around three dead bodies as they prepared to drag them across the prairie. Hamer and the Rangers had supported rival Governor Ross Sterling, so when the truculent Ma won, she fired every Ranger (that is, those who had not already resigned in protest like Hamer and Gault) for their partisanship. why was frank hamer called pancho. A hundred yards south stood a railroad section house, and just across the tracks was a toolshed and a pile of cross ties. Captain Frank Hamer circa early 1920s. In 1901 he and his brother hired out as wranglers on the Pecos County ranch of Barry Ketchum, brother of outlaw Tom "Black Jack" Ketchum (see KETCHUM BOYS). He left one week before Miriam "Ma" Ferguson recaptured the governor's office for a second term. We'll send you a couple of emails per month, filled with fascinating history facts that you can share with your friends. Quickly see who the memorial is for and when they lived and died and where they are buried. Hamer retired in 1949 and lived in Austin until his death. Francis A. Hamer, Texas Ranger, son of Frank and Lou Emma (Francis) Hamer, was born in Fairview, Texas, on March 17, 1884. They boarded a special train and headed for Norias, headquarters of the Norias division of the sprawling King ranch, the largest in Texas. On the morning of August 8 they received a telephone message from Caesar Kleberg, manager of the King ranch, advising that Mexican raiders had been spotted on his range south of Kingsville. Several attackers got caught behind a barbed wire cattle fence east of the tracks and were shot down by the defenders. Match. Ralph Fults heard the story from one of the Rangers in 1948. Pancho. [17] He was wounded 17 times during his life and left for dead four times. Then all hell broke loose. Chico Canos gang numbered about one hundred, formerly followers of Mexican revolutionary leader Pascual Orozco. Frank Hamer (back row, far left) poses with the Texas Ranger Company C in Alpine, Texas, in 1907. Just after Frank Hamer rejoined the Rangers, the Plan of San Diego suddenly took on new life. Hamer, whom Gault called "Pancho," was a casual and careful sipper while Maney "enjoyed his whiskey" and both were known to "cuss up a storm," much to the amusement of young Frank Jr., who came to think of Maney Gault as an uncle. . Hancock's movie is a blend of truth and fiction, with color and embellishment added to build a narrative of two old-school lawmen butting up against modern times. To view a photo in more detail or edit captions for photos you added, click the photo to open the photo viewer. 0 cemeteries found in Austin, Travis County, Texas, USA. What is known is, he would become neighbors with a man by the name of Frank Hamer. A woman cut off bloody clumps of Bonnie Parker's hair, andbits of blood-stained clothing were cut away from both of their bodies. Quickly, the U.S. cavalrymen took up prone positions behind the low railroad bed, between the tracks and the house. Hamer brought in fellow former Ranger Maney Gault who had resigned from the Ranger force when "Ma" Ferguson was elected and now worked for the Texas Highway Patrol. Frank Hamer had joined Company B at just the right time. Reliable Mexicans and Americans who saw them recognized several members of the band as having lived in the northern part of this county for years.. He rose to the rank of senior captain and made Austin his permanent home. They examined Barrow's abandoned V-8 Ford at Sowers and discovered that the bullets from his Thompson submachine gun had not penetrated its body, so this time Hinton requested a Browning automatic rifle. John Boessenecker, author of TEXAS RANGER: The Epic Life of Frank Hamer, the Man Who Killed Bonnie and Clyde, a San Francisco trial lawyer and former police officer, is considered one of the leading authorities on crime and law enforcement in the Old West. at once. He was transferred to Austin in 1921. But he never had a chance to fire a shot. There is a problem with your email/password. He joined Captain John H. Rogers' Company C in Alpine, Texas, on April 21, 1906, and began patrolling the Mexican border. Found more than one record for entered Email, You need to confirm this account before you can sign in. In 1894 the family moved to Oxford in Llano County, where Hamer worked at his father's blacksmith shop. They yelled at the Rangers to fall off their horses as Mexicans had the house surrounded. Frank Hamer and Captain Fox quickly ran up the tracks and approached the two outbuildings. By Unknown Libro de Texto Gratuito, Mexico.. Six other states were to be given to blacks as an independent nation, a buffer region between Mexico and the United States. Even to his closest friends Frank Hamer rarely spoke of the violent events of his long career. An hour later, Frank Hamer and the rest of the Rangers, oblivious to the battle, returned to Norias. Corporal Mercer was big and burly, but his soldiers were mere boys, most only eighteen or nineteen years old. He was the second eldest of eight children and grew up on the Welch Ranch in San Saba County. As depicted in the movie, Hamer refused lucrative offers from the media to spill the gory details of the Bonnie and Clyde shootout, and both he and Gault were said to have disliked the attention that the case brought upon them. After a crucial defeat by Pancho Villa two months later, Huerta resigned the presidency and went into exile. Just at dark, about 8:30, the raiders mounted a final charge, shooting and yelling like Indians, as Portus Gay recalled. Venustiano Carranza later obtained the presidency until he was finally assassinated in 1920. A system error has occurred. Signup today for our free newsletter, Especially Texan. The couple also had two sons. Carrying a battle flag and commanded by Luis de la Rosaand at least one Carranza officer, they planned to wreck and rob a train at Norias. The second group was blocking the doors of the bank, and he said "fall back" and they did.[44]. After shooting the shotguns, we emptied the pistols at the car, which had passed us and ran into a ditch about 50 yards on down the road. Nieman, Robert (2006). Share this memorial using social media sites or email. Phillips, p. 354 n. 3. There was a problem getting your location. Hamer and Gault worked seamlessly together as Rangers up until Miriam Ma Ferguson was reelected as governor of Texas. [36], Hamer used a customized .35 Remington Model 8 semiautomatic rifle with a 15-round magazine that he ordered from Pet McKay's Sporting Goods store in Austin, Texas. The Highwaymen's cast also includes Kathy Bates as Governor Miriam "Ma" Ferguson, the first female Governor of Texas, who was first elected to the position after her husband, James E. Ferguson, was impeached. He was the second eldest of eight children and grew up on the Welch Ranch in San Saba County. Hamer, whom Gault called "Pancho," was a casual and careful sipper while Maney "enjoyed his whiskey" and both were known to "cuss up a storm," much to the amusement of young Frank Jr., who came to think of Maney Gault as an uncle. Image is in the public domain via Wikimedia.com. Recalled Portus Gay, Just after making this statement, he died. Use Next and Previous buttons to navigate, or jump to a slide with the slide dots. The Mexican Revolution had sparked unrest along the entire Rio Grande, from El Paso to the Gulf of Mexico. [9] Hamer transferred to Austin in 1921 where he served as Senior Ranger Captain. This is, disturbingly, based on what actually happened - except that the crowd didn't wait for the car to be towed back before descending. lufthansa miles and more contact email; where to put stamp on postcard with barcode; what does verizon services do not publish mean. While he did that, Bonnie stayed in the car and leaned on the horn to signal the men which way they should run. Hamer was a lone wolf by nature, but he eventually formed an inter-jurisdictional posse and created a plan to ambush the gang. All six, however, agreed that Deputy Oakley stood and fired the opening shot from his Remington Model 8, and that his bullet hit Barrow's left temple and killed the outlaw instantly. Francisco Madero proved a weak leader and incurred the wrath of both Pancho Villa and Pascual Orozco by failing to offer them political appointments. Hamer with Texas and Louisiana law enforcement officers killed the criminals near Gibsland, Louisiana that same year.During the 1930s Hamer worked for various oil companies and shippers helping to prevent strikes and breaking up mobs. Sherman's black district was looted by the mob afterward, with the Rangers unwilling or unable to stop them. Hamer and Gault were indeed oldacquaintances before they were commissioned to hunt down Bonnie and Clyde together. They didn't halt. Hamer and a handful of Rangers were charged with protecting the trial of a black rape suspect, George Hughes, in the town of Sherman. Congress awarded Hamer a special citation for catching the pair. In January of 1915 a new governor took officeJames Ferguson, known as Farmer Jim or Pa Ferguson. The Rangers dealt with arms smugglers, bootleggers, and bandits.On May 12, 1917 in New Orleans Louisiana Frank married Gladys Ida Johnson (18901976) and they had at least two children:Francis Jr. (19182006) andBilly (19211945).In 1921 Hamer transferred to Headquarters Company in Austin (now part of Company F) and served as Senior Ranger Captain. Failed to report flower. Meanwhile, less daring members of the crowd gathered up fragments of glass and shell casings. One of the difficulties that Hamer and Gault face in The Highwaymen when trying to track down Bonnie and Clyde is the couple's celebrity, with many people viewing them favorably as modern-day Robin Hoods. The family moved to Oxford, Texas in 1894. As manager of this memorial you can add or update the memorial using the Edit button below. Frank Hamer stepped cautiously along the railroad tracks, his high-heeled boots skittering on the ties and the gravel. It was just a roar, a continuous roar, and it kept up for several minutes. While the man was drinking, Edmunds took over his rifle and fired at the marauders. We could see him grab at a gun in his lap. [20] Barrow had particularly wanted to free Ralph Fults and Aubrey Skelley, but he considered the raid to be successful retaliation against the prison system. . They are damned bandits!, President Carranza in La Caada, Quertaro, 22 January 1916. Fox later recalled, In a dark room of one shack we stumbled over the body of a dead Mexican woman, and in the road outside we found a horribly wounded Mexican man. Next to the corpse of Manuela Flores they found several terrified section hands and their wives huddled together. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/2366/francis-augustus-hamer. Political connections got him appointment as a Ranger captain in 1911. Related:Everything We Know About Martin Scorsese's Netflix Movie The Irishman. Hamer charged that some people were framing others and also tracking down small-time hoods just to kill them and collect the money. In 1932 Hamer retired from active duty but retained his commission. According to. Rating: 1 (1096 reviews) Highest rating: 5. Neither did Bonnie, tho we learned a few minutes later that they both were carrying rifles across their laps. Hamer privately put his friend Maney underground during the rough-and-tumble days of Prohibition, illegal gambling and in lawless oil boomtowns like Mexia and Borger. The headquarters, a two- story wood frame house, was fifty feet west of the railroad tracks. [4] He worked in his father's shop as a youth, and as a wrangler on a local ranch. Pancho. Every North American male over sixteen would be put to death. https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/hamer-francis-augustus. Although a white supremacist of the Jim Crow era, Hamer was sympathetic to black Americans. Hamer grew up on a ranch in what Texas county? Harris, Charles H., and Louis R. Sadler (2007). As the raiders closed to 250 yards, the soldiers opened up with a barrage from their Springfield rifles. He had long served as a deputy sheriff and constable in Austin, where in 1902 he shot and killed a black prisoner attempting to escape. Flashcards. The second pivotal event was one of the most infamous in Texas historythe Plan of San Diego. Image is in the public domain via Slate.com. In 2011 and 2013, True West magazine named Boessenecker Best Nonfiction Writer. A U.S. mounted immigration inspector, D. Portus Gay, lounging on the front porch of the Immigration Service office near the depot, was surprised to see the special train with a large posse aboard. Hamer also led the fight in Texas against the Ku Klux Klan, starting in 1922, as senior captain of the Texas Rangers, and he is believed to have saved at least 15people from lynch mobs. Sheriff Vann, who was present, later insisted that the suspects were unarmed. Use Escape keyboard button or the Close button to close the carousel. Save to an Ancestry Tree, a virtual cemetery, your clipboard for pasting or Print. Meanwhile, Frank Hamer and the rest had arrived in Norias. The Rangers dealt with arms smugglers because of the constant unrest in Mexico during the Mexican Revolution. He was the second eldest of eight children and grew up on the Welch Ranch in San Saba County. Please ensure you have given Find a Grave permission to access your location in your browser settings. Frank Hamer swung up the barrel of his Winchester and shoved open the door. In the photos, Frank Hamer is slouched easily on his horse, wearing a baggy canvas brush jacket with a U.S. Armyissue canvas cartridge belt slung across his chest. In 1894 the family moved to Oxford in Llano County, where Hamer worked at his father's blacksmith shop. Deputy Sheriff Gordon Hill was just as angry. . Six days later, they raided Los Indios ranch and killed a Mexican. It was a lively time on Riverside Drive. Texas State Historical Association (TSHA) [17], In September 1948, he was called back to Ranger duty to play a small role in the notorious 1948 United States Senate election in Texas. I thought you might like to see a memorial for Captain Francis Augustus Frank or Pancho Hamer I found on Findagrave.com. The Texas Rangers, including Hamer, received some criticism regarding their use of force during their years patrolling the border area. An eyewitness account gained widespread newspaper coverage, stating that a drunken Bonnie had emptied her gun into the prone body of Patrolman Murphy at Grapevine, laughing as she fired at the way that his "head bounced like a rubber ball" on the road. It came to be known as the Bandit War. He is credited with having killed between 53[16] and 70[46] people. A civil war broke out as Venustiano Carranza, Pancho Villa, and Alvaro Obregn battled one another for control. With Captain Fox at his side, Frank Hamerapproached the bullet-riddled linemens shack. Test. Hamer, whom Gault called "Pancho," was a casual and careful sipper while Maney "enjoyed his whiskey" and both were known to "cuss up a storm," much to the amusement of young Frank Jr., who came to think of Maney Gault as an uncle. It was a lively time on Riverside Drive. To add a flower, click the Leave a Flower button. He participated in numerous raids and shootouts, and he was involved in a gun battle with smugglers on March 21 which resulted in the death of Prohibition Agent Ernest W. Weve updated the security on the site. Hamer got out of the car, approached the first group, and said "git" and they left. Hamer said that he was "sickened by the sight" of the shootout's aftermath. How many bullets did Frank Hamer have in him? When he was 16 an enemy fired a blast of buckshot into him that would have killed a grown man, but Hamer was tough as nails and survived. Hamer determined that men were setting up deadbeats and two-bit outlaws to be killed by complicit police officers; the officers would collect the rewards and pay the men their finder's fees. The Rio Grande Valley includes Starr, Cameron, Hidalgo, and Willacy Counties. The guerrillas dismounted and returned the fire. Maney Gault, and Frank Hamer with the assistance of Louisiana law enforcement would bring Bonnie and Clyde's rampage across the country to an end. For the British Army officer, see.

Bill Walsh Business Coach Net Worth, Royal Marine Officer Training, Mike Barnicle First Marriage, Articles F