. Yet how I strive to please my still pleasde fremde, Delighting in fond change and mutable. That she was never yet that ever knew This is not a hair-splitting Reason, but a Reason of common sense that says, "You may prove with your conceits and quiddities that these lovers are one, but they still seem like two to me." Vulgar love is unchastity or lust, the concupiscent force of the lover's worst motives. Six fifteenth- and sixteenth-century English MSS of the complete poem have been recorded; a seventh MS is fragmentary. The perfection of their love not only leads to the mutual flame in which they and their "posterity" are consumed. 15Interpretations (ed. His final verses reaffirm that beauty and truth can only exist in conjunction, by beholding each other and, like the sable gender of the crow, live by breath given and taken. The scholastic echoes have been daily recognized,29 but no theological construction should be forced upon the poem. Mentions The Phoenix and Turtle as "a celebration of ideal love" and briefly surveys Shakespeare's use of language and symbolism in the poem. The parallel extends to bisexuality since Adam was first created both male and female (f. 35v). or is it simply that the Phoenix is permanently bedded in death? It is in this final line, indeed, that the syntax and the paradox are most complicated, and it is at this point that Reason cries out. To speak of the poet as "constructing" or "staging" is not to disparage the result, but only to imply our awareness of the one who arranges the event. The rest is silence, and the finality of death is consciously emphasized: the Turtle's loyal breast to eternity doth rest. University University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. 30, 222. No advance is required of it, for it is compounding praise. WebReading Eggspress includes 220 structured comprehension lessons designed to teach a range of comprehension strategies, and increase in difficulty as children progress. English Literary History 19, No. To this vrne let those repaire, The white swan, which traditionally sang only before its own death (like the Phoenix) is the least unexpected of the attendants at the ceremony; but the long-lived crow, often, like the screech-owl, a bird of ill omen, is here acceptable because of its legendary reputation for chastity. I am most grateful to Miss Enid Roberts of the Department of Welsh in the University College of North Wales for excellent advice on the history of the Salusbury family. The birds themselves do not raise the question of personification at all, not only because they are not abstractions, but because they belong to the world established by the first portion of the poem. I drew The Phoenix and the Turtle, a poem by William Shakespeare, for my Deal Me In Challenge, and after reading it, Im so confused. Sweete flattery, then she loues but me alone. If the eleventh stanza ends properly with a period, as printed in 1601, the syntax of the twelfth is not merely compressed but faulty. "]. Two distincts, division none This is no new remark. As Love t'aquit such excellence 'The Phoenix and the Turtle' had been nearly smothered in the dust of scholarly debate when a series of brilliant essays succeeded in rescuing it from a sadder fate than its heroes' eternal rest, 'enclos'd in cinders'. The bird-liturgy is combined with a love-theme in the delightful Messe des Oisiaus of Jean de Cond, in which all aspects of birds' celebrating the joys of spring, of lovers' celebrating Venus, and of priests' celebrating their mass come to be symbolically related and interchangeable. That from the deite It signifies the Intelligence, 'daughter of Jupiter', transcending the sublunary world whose motion she causes; and finally 'the angelicali nature . 9 "Can" possibly implies both "knows" ("understands") and "knows how to perform. And foure true Noble harts not dreading feare, 11Ben Jonson, ed. For it is in these dimensions that it is most feasible to attempt delineation of Shakespeare's individual response to his subject, his medium, and his milieu. False loue, hearts tyrant, inhumane, and cruell. 52-56. Chez Guillaume Bichon' in 1585. She rend'red life, Antony Unarm, Eros, the long day's task is, The eroticism here is surely a vindication of the 'mingled' destinies of the two lovers. Those who believe, for example, that Shakespeare joined Chester's enterprise perhaps reluctantly find the poem discreetly mocking; but others are equally convinced that he made use of the occasion to address a national concern. The music to which they were dancing was provided by Colin Clout, by Spenser himself. You should be able to use figurative language in your own writing to communicate more clearly. That cause sets up with and against itself; This unity, according to the Christian platonists, is eternally contained in the divine Mind or Reason. As he points out, the other poets who make up the 'Chorus Vatum' subscribe to the terms of flattery laid out by Chester. If Shakespeare was influenced by Roydon's elegy and thought of Sidney's Sonnets, he may well have had in mind a love relationship of this kind. The anthem itself is repetitious; it plays variations of ingenuity on a common theme without appearing to advance. [In the following essay, Matchett analyzes The Phoenix and Turtle with an emphasis on structure, versification, symbolism, and the "texture of complexities and ambiguities in the poem. This and other parallels expanded by Wilson Knight raise a problem: was the fair youth of the sonnets Shakespeare's Phoenix? Then come Shakespeare's poems, the first untitled but introductory to the Threnos or dirge. That they did all to you epitomize,) Similarly in Chapman's poem, the Turtle sees the whole world contracted in his Phoenix'She was to him th'Analisde World of pleasure'and the poet, in imitation, sees his beloved as the one 'That is my forme, and gives my being, spirit.'. The Turtle is the intrusion of the Elizabethan political paradigm into the myth: only a Turtle Dove can kindle flame for the rebirth of Chester's Phoenix because Chester writes of kingdoms where monarchs die and loyalty falls in question. WebFigurative Language - notes. This Paphian Dove, rekindling the Arabian fires, will assure perpetuity for Phoenix and her triumph over enemies in Arabia-Brytania. But by definition perfection cannot both be perfect, that is, immutable, and survive in a world of mutability. 22 See my Neoplatonism in the Poetry of Spenser (Geneva, 1960), pp. Troth is audible in the sigh of those 'true and fair' who come to mourn and wonder at the urn. The strange fascination exerted over the imagination by these abstract statements does not rest on intellectual power or penetration, but on their imperious finality. Furnivall doubted it was Shakespeare's in 1877, but later changed his mind. Figurative language is the opposite of literal language, where the words convey meaning exactly as defined. Seltzer, Daniel. . What may appear to be Truth cannot logically be so; whatever Beauty bragswhether vaingloriously, or merely because its very existence appears to make a claimcannot be she (Beauty or, possibly, the Phoenix). But when their tongues could not speake, However, like all attempts to decode the allegory of a poem which remains wilfully elusive on the point of human identifications, this attractive idea carries an irreducible element of speculation.7, In a somewhat different corner is the bizarre identification of the Turtle with Giordano Bruno, who, whatever his relationship with Elizabeth, has the undeniable allegorical advantage of having been burnt in fact.8, Yet another proposal, and one which, if it had not already been expressed, somebody would be bound to put forward, is that Shakespeare himself is either the Phoenix or the Turtle. Vpon the Arabian mountaines I must die, 4 Matchett, p. 193. In 1601, when the recently knighted Sir John's fortunes were at their height (Brown, p. xviii), the moment seemed suitable to bring out a volume in tribute to the way the Salusburys had weathered their setbacks. And all the argument is a whore and a cuckold. [In the following essay, Bonaventure dismisses tragic or paradoxical readings of The Phoenix and Turtle, highlighting instead the poem 's final "harmony of. The poem is made The second part of the book follows with an Invocatio and dedication, two short poems by Ignoto, then Shakespeare's poem, four by Marston, one by Chapman, and four by Jonson. The Phoenix and the Turtle by William Shakespeare. But only a little. 125-7): Why I have left Arabia for thy sake . We are all one, thy sorrow shall be mine . Skelton had used this tradition with wit and charm in 'Philip Sparrow', where Jane Scrope lists indiscriminately all the birds she can think of. And chiefe obedience that thou owst to me, That thou especially (deare Bird) beware Now, in the medieval tradition of the birds attending a Requiem Mass, the Phoenix summons the birds to the ceremony of her death. [In the following essay, Buxton examines the historical background of The Phoenix and Turtle, and emphasizes that Shakespeare's poem represents an exhibition of pure poetry on the theme of constancy in love.]. Shakespeare's negation echoes that of St. Paul: '7 live now not I, but Christ liveth in me. The fact that Eliot has borrowed the phrase "defunctive music" in his poem "Burbank with a Baedeker: Bleistein with a Cigar" does not modify the point that Shakespeare was here pioneering on the frontiers of language. When she came to the throne in 1558, a coin was issued which featured Elizabeth on one side, a phoenix on the other. . Single Natures double name, These connotations are reinforced by the rhythm, which gives the initial stress to "bird.". But this identification will not do either. Is this to be read "Except in them," meaning that it would be a wonder in any others, but is not so in them? Thou shalt behold a second Phoenix love . William H. Matchett, The Phoenix and the Turtle (The Hague, 1965), sees Chester as a 'poetic pack rat'; his interpretation of Chester's intentions rests upon the view that Essex is the Turtle. Neither two nor one was called. This revelation, she says, is the way of absolute truth. . I see the poem, then, as one which creates a texture of complexities and ambiguities, not as the result of carelessness or failure, but in order to achieve an effect which it does in fact achieve. As in a stage-direction, the shift in tense prepares us for the ensuing presentation of love, a presentation that is an exhausting feat of the imagination. The 'er' sound conveys the sinister menace of the owl, while i's and u's for the swan in surplice white, a's for the 'sable' crow make up for ear and eye a symphony in black and white. The usual connection with death is here, but not the connection with carrion. Jove assents to Nature's plea by allowing Nature to transfer her to a paradise-garden on the island of Paphos, where there is another Phoenix or Dove, who is the only squire worthy of her. The diction, compressed within seven-syllable phraseunits, is terse and compact. Now, in the last line, the word "bird" reappears, undercutting the whole symbolic structure and leading us back to actual birds and out of the poem again. 38) may be experienced or believed but eludes the grasp of the human understanding. Provides the historical background to Shakespeare's "exquisite but baffling poem.". 73)some authorities give other periodsthe unique Phoenix built a nest in a palm-tree which proved to be its funeral pyre and also the birthplace of the next Phoenix. Human love is not platonized; it is rather rooted in the senses and in the flesh. . 8 King Arthur and, among the nine women worthies, Matilda, the mother of Henry II. The anthem praises Love, not two lovers: it is not 'about' Sir John and Lady Salusbury's marriage, as Robert Chester's poem had been. In this way the poem maintains variety, charging its statement with various degrees of meaning which in turn reward the tone. University University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. To treade the prety wren, An other Bird her wings for to display, If The Phoenix and the Turtle points anywhere outside itself, the direction it indicates is doubtless a literary one. Are Flights From Gibraltar Cancelled, Ucsd Job Market Candidates, Advantages And Disadvantages Of General Teaching Council For England, What Zodiac Sign Cries The Most, Articles F
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figurative language in the phoenix and the turtle

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By daniel benjamin bassett May 17, 2023

Here we find the double negation, the Scylla and Charybdis upon which modern interpretation breaks up into contradictory splinters. Antony's 'noble' love effectively transmutes Cleopatra's caprice and selfishness, her 'baser' impulses, into 'Immortal longings', which both fulfil and extend her consciousness and feelings: 'Husband, I come!/ Now to that name my courage prove my title!/ I am fire and air' (V.ii.287-89). Next, follows the imaginative journey called 'A meeting Dialogue-wise betweene Nature, the Phoenix and the Turtle Doue'. 18 Grosart, pp. Salusbury was a frequent visitor at Knowsley; he named one of his sons Ferdinando in memory of the fifth Earl of Derby, and in 1597 he 'very Royally entertained' at Lleweni the sixth Earl and his Countess.9 Salusbury certainly knew Ben Jonson, whose early ode to the Earl of Desmond, in Jonson's own hand, is included with Salusbury's and Chester's poems in a manuscript at Christ Church,10and early versions of the Proludium and Epode contributed to Poetical Essays are in a Salusbury manuscript now in the National Library of Wales.11 He may well have known all the contributors to the collection compiled in his honour. Jonson refers affectionately to 'our Dove', and Marston speaks of the new Phoenix, 'arising out of the Phoenix and Turtle Doves ashes', which is 'now growne unto maturitie' (Brown, p. lxxi). Simple were so well compounded. This is why Cunningham's interpretation of the Threnos is mistaken. Web1 With the Breath thou Givst and TakstAnalysis of William Shakespeares poem The Phoenix and the Turtle. The symbolic aura required higher, not lower, meanings, abstractions, not physical details. Each of these must be acknowledged and only a reverent, loving response will sustain the miracle. Gale Cengage The appeal of the symbols to the sensuous imagination is superseded by an appeal to our intellectual imagination in the anthem. The poet's dividing of the symbolic birds leads into the anthem in which Reason, said to be undone, actually asserts itself to present its own view of the event. Ed. Then looke; for see what glorious issue (brighter inspired idealism rising to a note of triumph and universal hope. It was a customary publisher's device to tempt readers by advertising work as the most recent done by a poet.24 Then there is the question of stylistic conception. Types of Figurative Language Imagery Simile Metaphor Alliteration Personification Onomatopoeia Hyperbole Idioms Irony Euphemism Metonymy Antithesis Apostrophe Assonance Paradox Litotes In mentioning these possibilities I am not, I hope, laying undue emphasis on the esoteric and exotic. would admirably suit the state of mind one may reasonably ascribe to Shakespeare in 1600-1. . they follow rejoicing in their holy task. As they approach the island paradise, the goddess (adopting the manner of medieval encyclopaedists) explains the plants, trees, fish, jewels, animals, and birds to be found there. It is gone forever, at any rate, from this worldwhich is the only world our poem is concerned with. . 33-44), the oneness of the lovers was logically argued and stated in philosophical terms.27Shakespeare's restatement of it is of interest, because he made the truth his own, recreated the experience, revived the intuition. The next stanza, the eleventh, reiterates the paradox and, in its initial personification of Reason, appears at first to parallel the tenth. Their lack of posterity is not a result of "infirmity," but of married chastity in this sense. That is why (returning to the opening of Loves Martyr and to the Planctus Naturae pattern), Natura must always ascend to receive the archetype, and why she must always descend again to in some measure actualise it. Word Count: 13369, Sister Mary Bonaventure (essay date 1964). This is not feminine rhyme, but simple repetition, which would result in monotony rather than freedom if it were not that the identical suffixes receive so little stress. 11 Various other readings have been cited for these lines, but I fail to see their relevancy to the poem. . On Phillips soule have pyte! But these poets used the theme of Phoenix and Turtle as myth, not as personal allegory; and some make ironic reference to Chester's poem. The very escort of the Phoenix was a mere flock of birds in earlier poems. With the sixth stanza we reach the second portion of the poem. 16 See Dyer's 'Coridon to his Phillis' in Englands Helicon (1600). 2 May 2023 . Yet how I strive to please my still pleasde fremde, Delighting in fond change and mutable. That she was never yet that ever knew This is not a hair-splitting Reason, but a Reason of common sense that says, "You may prove with your conceits and quiddities that these lovers are one, but they still seem like two to me." Vulgar love is unchastity or lust, the concupiscent force of the lover's worst motives. Six fifteenth- and sixteenth-century English MSS of the complete poem have been recorded; a seventh MS is fragmentary. The perfection of their love not only leads to the mutual flame in which they and their "posterity" are consumed. 15Interpretations (ed. His final verses reaffirm that beauty and truth can only exist in conjunction, by beholding each other and, like the sable gender of the crow, live by breath given and taken. The scholastic echoes have been daily recognized,29 but no theological construction should be forced upon the poem. Mentions The Phoenix and Turtle as "a celebration of ideal love" and briefly surveys Shakespeare's use of language and symbolism in the poem. The parallel extends to bisexuality since Adam was first created both male and female (f. 35v). or is it simply that the Phoenix is permanently bedded in death? It is in this final line, indeed, that the syntax and the paradox are most complicated, and it is at this point that Reason cries out. To speak of the poet as "constructing" or "staging" is not to disparage the result, but only to imply our awareness of the one who arranges the event. The rest is silence, and the finality of death is consciously emphasized: the Turtle's loyal breast to eternity doth rest. University University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. 30, 222. No advance is required of it, for it is compounding praise. WebReading Eggspress includes 220 structured comprehension lessons designed to teach a range of comprehension strategies, and increase in difficulty as children progress. English Literary History 19, No. To this vrne let those repaire, The white swan, which traditionally sang only before its own death (like the Phoenix) is the least unexpected of the attendants at the ceremony; but the long-lived crow, often, like the screech-owl, a bird of ill omen, is here acceptable because of its legendary reputation for chastity. I am most grateful to Miss Enid Roberts of the Department of Welsh in the University College of North Wales for excellent advice on the history of the Salusbury family. The birds themselves do not raise the question of personification at all, not only because they are not abstractions, but because they belong to the world established by the first portion of the poem. I drew The Phoenix and the Turtle, a poem by William Shakespeare, for my Deal Me In Challenge, and after reading it, Im so confused. Sweete flattery, then she loues but me alone. If the eleventh stanza ends properly with a period, as printed in 1601, the syntax of the twelfth is not merely compressed but faulty. "]. Two distincts, division none This is no new remark. As Love t'aquit such excellence 'The Phoenix and the Turtle' had been nearly smothered in the dust of scholarly debate when a series of brilliant essays succeeded in rescuing it from a sadder fate than its heroes' eternal rest, 'enclos'd in cinders'. The bird-liturgy is combined with a love-theme in the delightful Messe des Oisiaus of Jean de Cond, in which all aspects of birds' celebrating the joys of spring, of lovers' celebrating Venus, and of priests' celebrating their mass come to be symbolically related and interchangeable. That from the deite It signifies the Intelligence, 'daughter of Jupiter', transcending the sublunary world whose motion she causes; and finally 'the angelicali nature . 9 "Can" possibly implies both "knows" ("understands") and "knows how to perform. And foure true Noble harts not dreading feare, 11Ben Jonson, ed. For it is in these dimensions that it is most feasible to attempt delineation of Shakespeare's individual response to his subject, his medium, and his milieu. False loue, hearts tyrant, inhumane, and cruell. 52-56. Chez Guillaume Bichon' in 1585. She rend'red life, Antony Unarm, Eros, the long day's task is, The eroticism here is surely a vindication of the 'mingled' destinies of the two lovers. Those who believe, for example, that Shakespeare joined Chester's enterprise perhaps reluctantly find the poem discreetly mocking; but others are equally convinced that he made use of the occasion to address a national concern. The music to which they were dancing was provided by Colin Clout, by Spenser himself. You should be able to use figurative language in your own writing to communicate more clearly. That cause sets up with and against itself; This unity, according to the Christian platonists, is eternally contained in the divine Mind or Reason. As he points out, the other poets who make up the 'Chorus Vatum' subscribe to the terms of flattery laid out by Chester. If Shakespeare was influenced by Roydon's elegy and thought of Sidney's Sonnets, he may well have had in mind a love relationship of this kind. The anthem itself is repetitious; it plays variations of ingenuity on a common theme without appearing to advance. [In the following essay, Matchett analyzes The Phoenix and Turtle with an emphasis on structure, versification, symbolism, and the "texture of complexities and ambiguities in the poem. This and other parallels expanded by Wilson Knight raise a problem: was the fair youth of the sonnets Shakespeare's Phoenix? Then come Shakespeare's poems, the first untitled but introductory to the Threnos or dirge. That they did all to you epitomize,) Similarly in Chapman's poem, the Turtle sees the whole world contracted in his Phoenix'She was to him th'Analisde World of pleasure'and the poet, in imitation, sees his beloved as the one 'That is my forme, and gives my being, spirit.'. The Turtle is the intrusion of the Elizabethan political paradigm into the myth: only a Turtle Dove can kindle flame for the rebirth of Chester's Phoenix because Chester writes of kingdoms where monarchs die and loyalty falls in question. WebFigurative Language - notes. This Paphian Dove, rekindling the Arabian fires, will assure perpetuity for Phoenix and her triumph over enemies in Arabia-Brytania. But by definition perfection cannot both be perfect, that is, immutable, and survive in a world of mutability. 22 See my Neoplatonism in the Poetry of Spenser (Geneva, 1960), pp. Troth is audible in the sigh of those 'true and fair' who come to mourn and wonder at the urn. The strange fascination exerted over the imagination by these abstract statements does not rest on intellectual power or penetration, but on their imperious finality. Furnivall doubted it was Shakespeare's in 1877, but later changed his mind. Figurative language is the opposite of literal language, where the words convey meaning exactly as defined. Seltzer, Daniel. . What may appear to be Truth cannot logically be so; whatever Beauty bragswhether vaingloriously, or merely because its very existence appears to make a claimcannot be she (Beauty or, possibly, the Phoenix). But when their tongues could not speake, However, like all attempts to decode the allegory of a poem which remains wilfully elusive on the point of human identifications, this attractive idea carries an irreducible element of speculation.7, In a somewhat different corner is the bizarre identification of the Turtle with Giordano Bruno, who, whatever his relationship with Elizabeth, has the undeniable allegorical advantage of having been burnt in fact.8, Yet another proposal, and one which, if it had not already been expressed, somebody would be bound to put forward, is that Shakespeare himself is either the Phoenix or the Turtle. Vpon the Arabian mountaines I must die, 4 Matchett, p. 193. In 1601, when the recently knighted Sir John's fortunes were at their height (Brown, p. xviii), the moment seemed suitable to bring out a volume in tribute to the way the Salusburys had weathered their setbacks. And all the argument is a whore and a cuckold. [In the following essay, Bonaventure dismisses tragic or paradoxical readings of The Phoenix and Turtle, highlighting instead the poem 's final "harmony of. The poem is made The second part of the book follows with an Invocatio and dedication, two short poems by Ignoto, then Shakespeare's poem, four by Marston, one by Chapman, and four by Jonson. The Phoenix and the Turtle by William Shakespeare. But only a little. 125-7): Why I have left Arabia for thy sake . We are all one, thy sorrow shall be mine . Skelton had used this tradition with wit and charm in 'Philip Sparrow', where Jane Scrope lists indiscriminately all the birds she can think of. And chiefe obedience that thou owst to me, That thou especially (deare Bird) beware Now, in the medieval tradition of the birds attending a Requiem Mass, the Phoenix summons the birds to the ceremony of her death. [In the following essay, Buxton examines the historical background of The Phoenix and Turtle, and emphasizes that Shakespeare's poem represents an exhibition of pure poetry on the theme of constancy in love.]. Shakespeare's negation echoes that of St. Paul: '7 live now not I, but Christ liveth in me. The fact that Eliot has borrowed the phrase "defunctive music" in his poem "Burbank with a Baedeker: Bleistein with a Cigar" does not modify the point that Shakespeare was here pioneering on the frontiers of language. When she came to the throne in 1558, a coin was issued which featured Elizabeth on one side, a phoenix on the other. . Single Natures double name, These connotations are reinforced by the rhythm, which gives the initial stress to "bird.". But this identification will not do either. Is this to be read "Except in them," meaning that it would be a wonder in any others, but is not so in them? Thou shalt behold a second Phoenix love . William H. Matchett, The Phoenix and the Turtle (The Hague, 1965), sees Chester as a 'poetic pack rat'; his interpretation of Chester's intentions rests upon the view that Essex is the Turtle. Neither two nor one was called. This revelation, she says, is the way of absolute truth. . I see the poem, then, as one which creates a texture of complexities and ambiguities, not as the result of carelessness or failure, but in order to achieve an effect which it does in fact achieve. As in a stage-direction, the shift in tense prepares us for the ensuing presentation of love, a presentation that is an exhausting feat of the imagination. The 'er' sound conveys the sinister menace of the owl, while i's and u's for the swan in surplice white, a's for the 'sable' crow make up for ear and eye a symphony in black and white. The usual connection with death is here, but not the connection with carrion. Jove assents to Nature's plea by allowing Nature to transfer her to a paradise-garden on the island of Paphos, where there is another Phoenix or Dove, who is the only squire worthy of her. The diction, compressed within seven-syllable phraseunits, is terse and compact. Now, in the last line, the word "bird" reappears, undercutting the whole symbolic structure and leading us back to actual birds and out of the poem again. 38) may be experienced or believed but eludes the grasp of the human understanding. Provides the historical background to Shakespeare's "exquisite but baffling poem.". 73)some authorities give other periodsthe unique Phoenix built a nest in a palm-tree which proved to be its funeral pyre and also the birthplace of the next Phoenix. Human love is not platonized; it is rather rooted in the senses and in the flesh. . 8 King Arthur and, among the nine women worthies, Matilda, the mother of Henry II. The anthem praises Love, not two lovers: it is not 'about' Sir John and Lady Salusbury's marriage, as Robert Chester's poem had been. In this way the poem maintains variety, charging its statement with various degrees of meaning which in turn reward the tone. University University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. To treade the prety wren, An other Bird her wings for to display, If The Phoenix and the Turtle points anywhere outside itself, the direction it indicates is doubtless a literary one.

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